What is engineering change management?
Engineering change management is the controlled process for changing a released part, BOM or document. A change request (ECR) proposes and assesses the change, approvers decide, and a change notice (ECN or ECO) carries it out: tasks get done, new revisions are released and everyone affected is told.
Most changes go wrong after the approval, not before it. The ECR form gets signed, but nobody checked the 11 open orders for the old part, purchase keeps buying the old seat ring, and the customer's PPAP approval quietly goes stale. Six months later an auditor asks who decided, and the answer is in someone's email.